Presentation Transcript

1. Molarity (M) A concentration that expresses the moles of solute in 1 L of solution Molarity (M) = moles of solute 1 liter solution LecturePLUS Timberlake

2. Units of Molarity 2.0 M HCl = 2.0 moles HCl 1 L HCl solution 6.0 M HCl = 6.0 moles HCl 1 L HCl solution LecturePLUS Timberlake

3. Molarity Calculation NaOH is used to open stopped sinks, to treat cellulose in the making of nylon, and to remove potato peels commercially. If 4.0 g NaOH are used to make 500. mL of NaOH solution, what is the molarity (M) of the solution? LecturePLUS Timberlake

4. Calculating Molarity 1) 4.0 g NaOH x 1 mole NaOH = 0.10 mole NaOH 40.0 g NaOH 2) 500. mL x 1 L _ = 0.500 L 1000 mL 3. 0.10 mole NaOH= 0.20 mole NaOH 0.500 L 1 L = 0.20 M NaOH LecturePLUS Timberlake

5. Learning Check M1 A KOH solution with a volume of 400 mL contains 2 mole KOH. What is the molarity of the solution? 1) 8 M 2) 5 M 3) 2 M Drano LecturePLUS Timberlake

6. Solution M1 A KOH solution with a volume of 400 mL contains 2 moles of KOH. What is the molarity of the solution? 2) 5 M M = 2 mole KOH = 5 M 0.4 L Drano LecturePLUS Timberlake

7. Learning Check M2 A glucose solution with a volume of 2.0 L contains 72 g glucose (C6H12O6). If glucose has a molar mass of 180. g/mole, what is the molarity of the glucose solution? 1) 0.20 M 2) 5.0 M 3) 36 M LecturePLUS Timberlake

8. Solution M2 A glucose solution with a volume of 2.0 L contains 72 g glucose (C6H12O6). If glucose has a molar mass of 180. g/mole, what is the molarity of the glucose solution? 1) 72 g x 1 mole x 1 = 0.20 M 180. g 2.0 L LecturePLUS Timberlake

9. Molarity Conversion Factors A solution is a 3.0 M NaOH.. Write the molarity in the form of conversion factors. 3.0 moles NaOHand 1 L NaOH soln 1 L NaOH soln 3.0 moles NaOH LecturePLUS Timberlake

10. Learning Check M3 Stomach acid is a 0.10 M HCl solution. How many moles of HCl are in 1500 mL of stomach acid solution? 1) 15 moles HCl 2) 1.5 moles HCl 3) 0.15 moles HCl LecturePLUS Timberlake

11. Learning Check M4 How many grams of KCl are present in 2.5 L of 0.50 M KCl? 1) 1.3 g 2) 5.0 g 3) 93 g LecturePLUS Timberlake

12. Solution M4 3) 2.5 L x 0.50 mole x 74.6 g KCl = 93 g KCl 1 L 1 mole KCl LecturePLUS Timberlake

13. Learning Check M5 How many milliliters of stomach acid, which is 0.10 M HCl, contain 0.15 mole HCl? 1) 150 mL 2) 1500 mL 3) 5000 mL LecturePLUS Timberlake

14. Solution M5 2) 0.15 mole HCl x 1 L soln x 1000 mL 0.10 mole HCl 1 L (Molarity inverted) = 1500 mL HCl LecturePLUS Timberlake

15. Learning Check M6 How many grams of NaOH are required to prepare 400. mL of 3.0 M NaOH solution? 1) 12 g 2) 48 g 3) 300 g LecturePLUS Timberlake

16. Solution M6 2) 400. mL x 1 L = 0.400 L 1000 mL 0.400 L x 3.0 mole NaOH x 40.0 g NaOH 1 L 1 mole NaOH (molar mass) = 48 g NaOH LecturePLUS Timberlake