继续教育学院 School of Continuing Education, Jilin University 大学英语 （二） 授课教师： 张绪忠.

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1 继续教育学院 School of Continuing Education, Jilin University 大学英语 （二） 授课教师： 张绪忠

2 New Practical English—Comprehensive, Book 2 Network Education College Jilin University Unit 8: Applying for a job Focal points 1. Common expressions used in applying job 2. Format of application letter 3. English resume 4. Top interview tips 5. Text study: Applying for a new boss 6. Grammar revison

3 Job hunting, job seeking, or job searching is the act of looking for employment, due to unemployment or discontent with a current position. The immediate goal of job seeking is usually to obtain a job interview with an employer which may lead to getting hired. The job hunter or seeker typically first looks for job vacancies or employment opportunities.

4 1. Common expressions used in applying job The questions asked by interviews Why don’t you begin by telling me something about yourself? 先讲一下你的个人情况好吗？ Would you tell me about your studies? 讲一下你的学历。 Why do you want to leave your present job? 你为什么要放弃现有的工作？ Why do you want this job? 你为什么申请这份工作？ What are your special interests? 你有什么特殊兴趣？ Do you think you can handle both a job and school? 你认为你能同时既工作又学习吗？ Have you got any experience in this field? 你有这方面的经验吗？ We’d like you to explain your views on the use of computers in our business. 我们想听听你对计算机在我们公司的用途有什么看法？ Do you have the confidence to do your work well? How do you think you can contribute to our company? 你认为你能对我们公司做出什么贡献？ What do you expect to be doing in five years? Ten years? 你在五年或十年内有什么打算？ What salary do you expect? 你期望的工资是多少

5 The responses given by interviewees I’d like to work in a larger company that offers more opportunities for growth.. 我想在一个更有发展机会的大公司工作。 I think this job is a challenge for me. 我认为这项工作对我具有挑战性。 I don’t think there is any problem for me to work on computers. 我想在计算机方面我没有问题。 I don’t have any experience, but I can learn quickly and I’ll try my best. 我没有任何经验，但我会学得很快，并会接近权利。 My previous experience will be very valuable to me in this new job 我早新的工作经历对这份新工作会很有益处。 I have confidence that I will be able to handle the job. 我有信心做好这项工作。 If you give me the opportunity, I think I can meet your requirement. 如果给我机会，我想我能满足你们的要求。 I am a person who plans things well. 我是一个做事很有计划的人。

6 The questions interviewees may ask Ma I ask about the salary? 我可以了解一下工资情况吗？ Could you tell me about the work hours? 您能说说工作时间吗？ How about the vacations and sick leave? 休假和病假有什么规定？ Can you tell me about the company benefits? 您能告诉我关于公司的福利情况吗？ Is there any opportunity to advance? 有晋升的机会吗？

7 Sample of dialogue in job hunting Q ： Can you sell yourself in two minutes? Go for it. ( 你能在两分钟內自我推荐吗 ? 大胆试试吧 !) A ： With my qualifications and experience, I feel I am hardworking, responsible and diligent in any project I undertake. Your organization could benefit from my analytical and interpersonal skills. ( 依我的资格和经验，我觉得我对所从事的每一个项目都很努力、负责、勤勉。我的分析能力 和与人相处的技巧，对贵单位必有价值。 ) Q ： Give me a summary of your current job description. ( 对你目前的工作，能否做个概括的说明。 ) A ： I have been working as a computer programmer for five years. To be specific, I do system analysis, trouble shooting and provide software support. ( 我干了五年的电脑程序员。具体地说，我做系统分析，解决问题以及软件供应方面的支持。 ) Q ： Why did you leave your last job? ( 你为什么离职呢 ?) A ： Well, I am hoping to get an offer of a better position. If opportunity knocks, I will take it.( 我希望能获得一份更好的工作，如果机会来临，我会抓住。 )

8 Continued Q ： How do you rate yourself as a professional? ( 你如何评估自己是位专业人员呢 ?) A ： With my strong academic background, I am capable and competent. ( 凭借我 良好的学术背景，我可以胜任自己的工作，而且我认为自己很有 竞争力。 ) Q ： What contribution did you make to your current (previous) organization? ( 你对目前 / 从前的工作单位有何贡献 ?) A ： I have finished three new projects, and I am sure I can apply my experience to this position. ( 我已经完成三个新项目，我相信我能将我的经验用在 这份工作上。 ) Q ： What do you think you are worth to us? ( 你怎么认为你对我们有价值呢 ?) A ： I feel I can make some positive contributions to your company in the future. ( 我觉得我对贵公司能做些积极性的贡献。 )

9 Continued Q ： What make you think you would be a success in this position? ( 你如何知道你能胜任这份工作 ?) A ： My graduate school training combined with my internship should qualify me for this particular job. I am sure I will be successful. ( 我在研究所的训练，加上实习工作，使我适合这份工作。我相信我能成功。 ) Q ： Are you a multi-tasked individual? or Do you work well under stress or pressure? ( 你是一位可以同时承担数项工作的人吗 ? 或者你能承受工作上的压力吗 ?) A ： Yes, I think so. / A ： The trait is needed in my current(or previous) position and I know I can handle it well. ( 这种特点就是我目前 ( 先前 ) 工作所需要的，我知道我能应付自如。 ) Q ： What is your strongest trait(s)? ( 你个性上最大的特点是什么 ?) A ： Helpfulness and caring.( 乐于助人和关心他人。 ) A ： Adaptability and sense of humor.( 适应能力和幽默感。 ) A ： Cheerfulness and friendliness.( 乐观和友爱。 )

10 Continued Q ： How would your friends or colleagues describe you? ( 你的朋友或同事怎样形容你 ?) A ： (pause a few seconds) ( 稍等几秒钟再答，表示慎重考虑。 ) They say Mr. Chen is an honest, hardworking and responsible man who deeply cares for his family and friends. ( 他们说陈先生是位诚实、工作努力，负责任的人，他对家庭和朋友都很关心。 ). Q ： What personality traits do you admire? ( 你欣赏哪种性格的人 ?) A ： (I admire a person who is)honest, flexible and easy-going. ( 诚实、不死板而且容易相处的人。 ) A ： (I like) people who possess the "can do" spirit. ( 有 " 实际行动 " 的人。 ) Q ： What leadership qualities did you develop as an administrative personnel? ( 作为行政人员，你有什么样的领导才能 ?) A ： I feel that learning how to motivate people and to work together as a team will be the major goal of my leadership. ( 我觉得学习如何把人们的积极性调动起来，以及如何配合协同的团队精神，是我行政工作 的主要目标。 )

11 Continued Q ： How do you normally handle criticism? ( 你通常如何处理別人的批评 ?) A ： Silence is golden. Just don't say anything; otherwise the situation could become worse. I do, however, accept constructive criticism. ( 沈默是金。不必说什么，否则情况更糟，不过我会接受建设性的批评。 ) Q ： What do you find frustrating in a work situation? ( 在工作中，什么事令你不高兴 ?) A ： Sometimes, the narrow-minded people make me frustrated. ( 胸襟狭窄的人，有时使我泄气。 ) A ： Minds that are not receptive to new ideas. ( 不能接受新思想的那些取。 ) Q ： How do you handle your conflict with your colleagues in your work? ( 你如何处理与同事在工作中的意见不和 ?) A ： I will try to present my ideas in a more clear and civilized manner in order to get my points across. ( 我 要以更清楚文明的方式，提出我的看法，使对方了解我的观点。 ) Q ： How do you handle your failure? 你怎样对待自己的失敗 ? A ： None of us was born "perfect". I am sure I will be given a second chance to correct my mistake. ( 我 们大家生来都不是十全十美的，我相信我有第二个机会改正我的错误。 )

12 2. Format of application letter( 知识点 2 ： 求职信格式 ) 求职信和一般书信的格式大致相同，由以下六 部分组成： 1 ，信头 heading 2 ，信内地址 inside address 3 ，称呼 salutation 4 ，正文 boby of latter 5 ，结束语 complimentary close 6 ，签名 signature 求职信结束语

13 Details of format The following application letter format lists the information you need to include in the job application letter you send with your resume. Use this application letter format as a guideline to create customized application letters to send to employers. Heading: information of the potential employee Date Address City, State, Zip Code Phone Number Email Address

14 Salutation Dear Mr./Ms. Last Name (leave out if you don't have a contact) Body of Application Letter The body of your application letter lets the employer know what position you are applying for, why the employer should select you for an interview, and how you will follow-up. First Paragraph The first paragraph of your letter should include information on why you are writing. Mention the job you are applying for and where you found the job listing. Include the name of a mutual contact, if you have one. Middle Paragraph(s) The next section of your application letter should describe what you have to offer the employer. Mention specifically how your qualifications match the job you are applying for. Remember, you are interpreting your resume, not repeating it. Complimentary Close Conclude your application letter by thanking the employer for considering you for the position. Include information on how you will follow-up. Sincerely, Signature

15 Sample of application letter April 13, 2000 P.O. Box 36 Tsinghua University Beijing, China 100084 Dear Sir/Madam: Your advertisement for a Network Maintenance Engineer in the April 10 Student Daily interested me because the position that you described sounds exactly like the kind of job I am seeking. According to the advertisement, your position requires top university, Bachelor or above in Computer Science or equivalent field and proficient in Windows NT4.0 and LINUX System. I feel that I am competent to meet the requirements. I will be graduating from Graduate School of Tsinghua University this year with a M.S. degree. My studies have included courses in computer control and management and I designed a control simulation system developed with Microsoft Visual InterDev and SQL Server.

16 Continued During my education, I have grasped the principals of my major and skills of practice. Not only have I passed CET-6, but more important I can communicate with others freely in English. My ability to write and speak English is out of question. I would appreciate your time in reviewing my enclosed resume and if there is any additional information you require, please contact me. I would welcome an opportunity to meet with you for a personal interview. With many thanks, Wang Lin

17 3. Format of resume ( 知识点 3 ：简历格 式 ) A resume contains key information about yourself, which is carefully assembled and presented so that prospective employers will be impressed not only by your qualifications but also by your presenting ability. A resume usually consists of personal details, including name, address, telephone number, e-mail address, date of birth, and reference, etc. These headings should be put at suitable and logical places.

18 Sample of resume: a westerner ’ s Michelle Martin 214 Elm Street, Tuscan, AZ 43674 (645) 873-9080/ martin@brim.commartin@brim.com ( 米其尔 · 马丁 特斯坎市爱姆大街 214 号 AZ4367 (645) 873-9080/martin@brim.com ) Education Bachelor of Arts ( 文学学士 ) in Travel and Tourism / Graduation in May 2005 Summit State College, Marklesburg, AZ President of Travel Club Took courses in computer database management and accounting Spent two summers in Europe, traveling a lot 学历 2005 年毕业于萨米特州立大学，获旅游专业文学学士学位 担任过旅游俱乐部主席 学过计算机数据库管理和会计课程 在欧洲度过两个夏天, 游览了许多地方

19 Continued College Activities In charge of ( 负责 ) the Travel and Tourism College Career Fair in Senior year Student government representative, two years Women’s intercollegiate ( 校际间的 ) tennis team, three years 大学里参加的活动 高年级时负责旅游学院职业招聘洽谈会 当过两年学生会干部 当过三年女子校际网球队队员

20 Continued Awards and Honors ( 奖励和荣誉 ) Nominated ( 被任命 ) for Best Travel and Tourism Major in junior year Earned first prize in high school writing contest 获奖情况 低年级时获旅游专业最佳学生称号 高中时获写作大赛一等奖

21 Continued Experience 2005—2007—Lonesome Street Steak House, 11 Market street, Tuscan Waitress and cashier ( 收银员 ) 2001—2005—Volunteer ( 自愿 ) work: Tuscan Recreation Committee Organized summer activities for 6 to 10-year-olds Helped arrange cultural activities for the city 工作经历 2005 — 2007 在特斯坎市市场大街 11 号缓恩萨牛排餐馆做女招待和收款 员 2001 — 2005 在特斯坎娱乐委员会做义工, 为 6—10 岁儿童组织暑期活动； 协助组织城市文化活动

22 Sample of resume: a Chinese Tao Weimin 262 Tunxi Road, # 104 Hefei, Anhui Province The People’s Republic of China Job Objective An electronic technician( 技术员 ) with opportunity for advancement 陶伟民 中国安徽省合肥市 104 信箱 屯溪路 262 号 求职目标 有提升机会的电子技术员

23 Educational Background 1992 —1994 Took courses in Mechanical Maintenance at Bengpu Mechanical Training Center. Graduated with a diploma 1986 — 1990 Bengpu No. 6 Middle School Miscellaneous: Took several training programs and ( 其它 ) continued self-study in the field of machine design and manufacture 学 历 1992 —1994 在蚌埠机械培训中心学过机械维修课程，获结业 证书 1986 —1990 蚌埠第六中学学习 其他 多次参加机械设计和机械制造方面的培训，并坚 持自学

24 Employment Highlights 2004 —Present Technician, Huayang Electronics Instrument Plant, Hefei, Anhui, China Preparing detail drawings for manufacturing purposes. Working with engineers and designers on experiments for improving quality. 1994 — 2004 Mechanic, Bengpu Hardware Factory, Bengpu, Anhui, China. Employed as a maintenance mechanic, repairing all types of equipment in the workshop. In charge of keeping machinery running in a plant with 2 000 workers. 工作经历 2004 — 现在 中国安徽合肥华洋电子设备厂技术员 绘制生产用详细图纸. 与工程师、设计 师共同进行提高质量的实验 1994 —2004 中国安徽蚌埠 蚌埠机器厂技工 维修技工，修理车间的各种设备 负责具有 2 000 名工人规模的工厂机器正常运转

25 Personal Data Born: September 10, 1969 in Bengpu, Anhui, China Nationality: Chinese Sex: Male Martial Status: Married with one daughter ( 婚姻状况 ) Health: Excellent References: References are available upon request. 个人资料 出生日期和地点： 1969 年 9 月 10 日出生于中国安徽蚌埠 国 籍： 中国 性 别： 男 婚 姻 状 况： 已婚，有一女 健 康 状 况： 健康 证 明 人： 需要时可提供

26 4. Top interview tips( 知识点 4 ：面试技 巧 ) These top interview tips will help you cover everything you need to know to successfully ace a job interview. From checking out the company to sending an interview thank you note, these job interview tips cover all the basics needed for interviewing success.

27 Check Out the Company Copyright Lajos RepasiHow much do you know about the company that just contacted you to schedule an interview? It should be plenty, and all the information you need is available online. Here are tips on how to research a company, get the inside scoop on the company culture, and use connections who can help you get an interview advantage.

28 Dress for Interview Success The first impression you make on a potential employer can make a big difference. The first judgement an interviewer makes is going to be based on how you look and what you are wearing. That's why it's always important to dress appropriately for a job interview.

29 Prepare for a Phone Interview While you're actively job searching, it's important to be prepared for a phone interview on a moment's notice. You never know when a recruiter or a networking contact might call and ask if you have a few minutes to talk.

30 Improve Your Interview Technique A job interview gives you a chance to shine. What you say and what you do is going to either move you to the next round of consideration for employment or knock you out of contention. Take the time to prepare your interview technique including knowing what's on your resume, being able to present why you are qualified for the job, why you are interested in the company, and practicing staying calm and focused. It's important to remember that the image the interviewer has of you when he first meets you is the one that is going to last.

31 Practice Interviewing Taking the time to review typical interview questions you will probably be asked during a job interview will help give you a framework for your responses and will help calm your frazzled nerves, because you won't be scrambling for an answer while you're in the interview hot seat. Practice interviewing with a friend or family member ahead of time and it will be much easier when you're actually in a job interview.

32 Use Your Contacts Who you know at the company you are interviewing with really does matter. Here's how to use your contacts and connections to get an insider advantage so you can ace the interview and impress the interviewer.

33 Most Common Interview Mistakes to Avoid What shouldn't you do when interviewing? Check out the most common job interview mistakes, blunders, and errors a candidate for employment can make. Then take the time to prepare before your interview, so you don't have to stress out about blunders after it.

34 Take the Time to Say Thank You Taking the time to say thank you after a job interview not only is good interview etiquette, it reinforces your interest in the position. Use your thank you letter, as well, to address any issues and concerns that came up during the interview.

35 5. Text: Applying for a new boss( 知识点 5 ： 课文学习 ) When I went off to college, I got one piece of advice from my father:"It doesn't matter what courses you take,just find the great professors." Sure enough,I soon discoverd that all kinds of subjects were interesting to me as long as good teachers presented them.In Professor Wein-stein's class,I could hear the tumbrels rolling through the streets of Parris during the French Reolution. And going back further,I can still recall things about the stars that I should have long ago forgotten if not for my second grade teacher,Miss Scorchiotti.To me,a great teacher is one who performs a subject in a way that makes it come alive. 1. as long as: if As long as you live better than me, I.. 2. trmbrel: 农用车，囚车

36 Difficult sentence in paragragh 1 And going back further, I can still recall things about the stars that I should have long ago forgotten if not for my second-grade teacher, Miss Scorchiotti 再早些，我仍然记得有关星体的知识，若不是由于我二 年级的斯高其奥蒂老师，我早就将其忘光了。 Analysis This is a complicated sentence. That introduces a relative clause to modify the stars, followed by an if-clause of condition.Attention should be paid to the subjunctive mood used here ： should have forgotten, with the latter part being an elliptical clause which can be assumed to be if it were not for 这是一个复杂句. 由 that 引导一个定语从句修饰 the stars 后面还有一个 if 条件句. 尤其要注意这句中一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气, 其后半部分是 省去了主语 it Example If （ it were ） not for your help, we shouldn’t have finished the experiment successfully.

37 A great boss does the same.They turn the day-to-day uninteresting jobs into a learning exper ence.They convinc you that you and what you are doing actually matter.They give you confidence,which makes you more willing to ask a question,or assume responsibility,or even suggest a change in some age- old company process.In short,a great boss knows how to teach. 1. convince: make sb believe that sth is true The public will be harder to convince. 2. ssume: take 承担 assume power, role, responsibilties 3. age-old: sth with long history

38 So my advice to anyone bound for the job market in the coming years and to anyone looking for a different work experience is Don't interview for the right job.Interview for the right boss.Not a best person, but someone who is willing and able to help you grow professionally. 1. bound: a. certain; having a firm intention; have a duty to obey; intend to travel to 一定的；决意的；有义务的；驶往（某地）的 You are bound to succeed. He is bound to go, and nothing can stop him. We are bound by the government’s pay policy. I’m bound to say, he is a very honest person. The ship is bound for New York.

39 What are some signs of the wrong boss?Well,anyone who: Is surrounded by the same team year after year, If you're such a good teacher,why aren't these people moving on and getting promoted? Is short of a sense of humor. Life is short.Work is hard.Let's lighten up when facing something difficult. Loves typing.Hates talking.Why are you emailing me when I sit across the hall? ( 是不是年复一年都被一样的人簇拥着 ? 如果你是个够好的导师的话, 为什 么这些人没有职位流动, 没有得到提拔呢 ? 是不是缺乏幽默感 ? 生命如此短暂, 工作如此辛苦. 当遇到困难时我们应该 轻松面对. 喜欢打字却不爱说话. 为什么我就坐在办公室对面你还要发邮件呢 ?)

40 Who are the best bosses I ever had? Angela,my first boss out of college, was very clever and outspoken. She ruffled feathers around the company but was eager to let me in on what she thought and why. 她对公司上下指指点点, 但却愿意让我了解她的想法和做事的原因. Ruffle feathers means become annoyed. The phrase let sb. in on sth. means to allow to share or to know a secret. Example: Don’t get your feathers ruffled about it. You are not the boss here.

41 My boss Tom used to say :"You can sleep when you're dead."Working for Tom was just a bit exhausting.But he was also unbelievably straightforward,and quick to ask advice and give it. We often had different opinions,yet our discussions helped both of us learn more about what we were trying to perform.A great boss both gives respect and earns it. 我的老板 Tom 曾说 : 死后自会长眠. 为他做事就是有点太累了. 但他也 是难以置信的直言不讳, 即时地提出和索取建议. 我们常常意见不合, 但我们的讨论总会帮助我们俩更清楚地了解我们想做什么. 一个好 的老板尊重他人也值得尊重.

42 And how do you know when you've found the right boss?Be yourself with them and see if the self they are with you is someone you want to learn from for a couple of years.If that person is dull or dogmatic in an interview,guess what they're going to be like Monday through Friday?Interviewees are on their best behavior in that setting,but so are interviewers.You don't like what you see?The power is yours.Go out and interview another boss. Be yourself with them and see if the self they are with you is someone you want to learn from for a couple of years. 要与他们自然相处, 看一看 与你相处的人是不是你这两三年来想要学习的人. Analysis Be yourself means behave naturally. The self is used as the subject in the if-clause, they are with you is a relative clause modifying self with that omitted. Example: You should be yourself if you want the audience to like your speech. dogmatic: 教条的，固执己见的 Many writers at this time held rigidly dogmatic views 这时期有很多作家固执己见。

43 6. Grammar review( 知识点 6 ：语法复习） Unit one: 从句中的语序 Unit two: 名词性从句 Unit three: 虚拟语气 Unit four: 关系从句 Unit five: 状语从句 Unit six: 分词 Unit seven: 倒装、省略、强调

44 Unit one: 从句中的语序 Can you tell me where I can buy some chewing gum? The police wanted to know what she looked like. Do you know what she was wearing?

45 Unit two: 名词性从句 主语从句： What he needs is your money. 宾语从句： I believe that he is right. 表语从句： My dream is that one day I could become a millionnaire. 同位语从句： I believe that my dream that one day I could become a millionnaire can come true.

46 Unit three: 虚拟语气 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 Mother insisted that John go to bed at 9 o’clock. It was required that the crops should be harvested at once. The suggestion that he be invited was rejected. That is their demand that their wages be increased. 条件状语中的虚拟语气 与现在事实不符：从句时态是 did ，主句 should 与过去事实不符：从句时态是 had done ，主句 would have done 与将来事实不符：从句时态是 should / were to / did ，主句 should 其它情况下的虚拟语气： wish, would rather, if only, as if, but for

47 Unit four: 关系从句 先行词：被定语从句所修饰限定的中心词 关系代词： who, whom, that, which, whose 关系副词： when, where, why 限定性与非限定性定语从句 定语从句的特殊用法

48 Unit five: 状语从句 九种状语从句及其连接词 时间 地点 原因 条件 结果 目的 让步 方式 比较

49 Unit six: 分词 分词的分类 分词的时态和语态 doing----having done being done----having been done 分词短语 分词（短语）在句子中的作用： 作状语，定语，表语，主语 独立结构

50 Unit seven: 倒装、省略、强调 部分倒装的七种情况 1 、否定词放句首 2 、含有否定词的并列连词放句首 3 、 only+ 状语放句首 4 、 so, neither, nor 放句首 5 、 as 引起的让步状语从句 6 、以关联词 so(……that) 开头的句子 7 、虚拟语气中条件从句省略 if