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Chapter 2 - Stress 1) Define stress and how the human body adapts to stress (physiologically, mentally, and emotionally). 2) Explain how stress can increase the risk of disease and infection. 3) Identify common sources of stress. 4) Identify techniques for managing stress. 5) Explain the relationship between sleep and stress.
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Stress Definition -stress is the mental, emotional, and physiological responses caused by a stimulus that is either real or imaginary.
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Stressor Definition – a stimulus (real or imagined) that causes a stress response. Types of Stressors Eustress - Stressors that initiate positive challenges. Distress – Stressors that initiate negative challenges.
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Stress Response Definition – it is the mental, emotional, and physiological response to a perceived stressor.
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4 Components of Stress Environmental Natural disaster
Natural disaster Major life events Daily hassles Family or relationship problems Demanding job Sexual abuse Assault Personal illness Chronic anxiety Major depression Mental My well-being is threatened and I’m not sure that I have the personal, financial, and social resources to make things turn out OK. Emotional Fear Anxiety Frustration Hopelessness Depression Physiological Increased heart rate Increased blood pressure Changes in metabolism Changes in alertness Changes in sleep Changes in immune function.
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Homeostasis Definition – a person’s normal physiologically function or balance. Examples: Resting heart rate Normal metabolism Normal blood pressure
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Factors Influencing Stress
Predictability Control Social Support Gender Personality Type
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Personality Types Type A
the person is over competitive, controlling, impatient, and aggressive. Type B the person is relaxed and contemplative. Type C the person is characterized as suppressing anger, holds emotions in, has feelings of hopelessness and despair, and exaggerates responses to minor stressors. Type D the person is vulnerable to anxiety, depression, and irritability. Type E the person perceives all stressors as a form of eustress.
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Nervous System Response to Stressors
The nervous system initiates the stress response by recognizing a perceived stressor. Sympathetic Division – part of the autonomic nervous system that stimulates the stress response. Parasympathetic Division – part of the autonomic nervous system that slows or regulates the stress response. Hypothalamus – endocrine organ within brain that mediates the stress response by releasing a hormone called corticotrophin (greater the concentration = greater the stress response.
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Hypothalmo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis
Endocrine response to sympathetic division 1) Hypothalamus releases corticotrophin 2) Pituitary Gland releases ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) 3) Adrenal Gland releases epinephrine and cortisol Epinephrine influence in increasing physiological functions Cortisol is a hormone released by the adrenal glands to liberate an increase of glucose released to the body for energy, can also be potentially damaging to a person’s immune system.
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General Adaptation Syndrome
Alarm Stage The Alarm Stage is the recognition of stressor. Resistance Stage The Resistance Stage occurs when a person’s body begins to experience homeostasis or balance. Exhaustive Stage The person at this stage experiences overload or burnout because the body goes through adrenal fatigue.
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Techniques for Managing Stress
Progressive Relaxation Visualization Meditation Deep Breathing Mindfulness Yoga Tai Chi Qigong Biofeedback
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Mediums for Managing Stress
Social Support Volunteering Communication Exercise Nutrition Sleep Time Management
Chapter 3 Managing Stress: Restoring Mind–Body Harmony
Chapter 11 Lecture © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Stress Management.
Chapter 3: Managing Stress $100 $200 $300 $400 $100$100$100 $200 $300 $400 General Adaptation Syndrome Stress Management Sources of Stress Neurology of.
Ch. 15 Stress and Health McElhaney. Ch 15 Key Topics ► 1. Big Picture definition and significance of stress- ► 2. Health – ► Behavior Health Risks ► Risk.
Unit 4 Mental Health. Chapter 12 Managing Stress.
STRESS & HEALTH EMPOWERMENT Course Review & Addressing Your Questions.
Stress Lecture 3. What is stress? Stress occurs when you feel that something is putting your health and safety at risk, and that you aren’t able to.
Psychosomatic Illnesses
Stress & Health The interplay between mind, body and disease.
Self-Actualization Self-Esteem Love/Belonging Safety/Security Physiological.
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings What is Stress? Introduction Introduction – What is stress? – A stressor? – Distress?
Units 14-16: Health Psychology Unit 14: Health Psychology - Stress.
STRESS: THE CONSTANT CHALLENGE Chapter Two. What is Stress? Stress = 1) Situations that trigger physical and emotional reactions and 2) The reactions.
Stress What is it? Sources of stress Consequences of stress Coping with stress.
© 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Chapter 5 Stress: Managing Pressure.
STRESS & ADAPTATION. Stress: is a condition in which the human system responds to changes in its normal balanced state. Stressor: is any thing that.
Chapter 12 The Biology of Emotion and Stress. Stress Stressor - An event that either strains or overwhelms the ability of an organism to adjust to the.
Stress, Health, and Coping. Stress – the lingo Experiencing events that are perceived as a danger. The event = stressor The reaction = stress response.
4.1 Stress & Your Health. Key Terms What is Stress? –The body’s & mind’s response to a demand. What is a Stressor? –Any situation that puts a demand on.
Chapter 2 Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill.
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